Actinic keratosis: photos, symptoms, treatment
In this article we will talk about the methods of treatment of actinic keratosis with proven effectiveness.
Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common pathological conditions that are diagnosed and treated by American dermatologists[1]. It is important to treat this skin disease, as actinic keratosis is considered a precancerous condition.
Most often, the focus of actinic keratosis is located on the face and looks like a reddish spot that does not protrude above the skin level or protrudes minimally.
Most often, the focus of actinic keratosis is located on the face and looks like a reddish spot that does not protrude above the skin level or protrudes minimally.
The dermatoscopic picture of actinic keratosis rarely presents difficulties for diagnosis: against the background of homogeneous erythema (specific redness of the skin caused by a rush of blood to the capillaries), an underlined pattern of hair follicles is noted, which together form a "strawberry" pattern – a pattern resembling the surface of a well-known berry.
In clinical practice, different variants of its manifestation are possible:
List of literature
- Lomas A., Leonardi-Bee J., Bath-Hextall F. A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Br J Dermatol 2012; 166: 1069–80.
- Karjalainen S1, Salo H., Teppo L. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in Finland. Site distribution and patientsurvival. Int J Dermatol. 1989 Sep; 28(7): 445–50.
- Bastiaens MT, Hoefnagel JJ, Bruijn JA et al. Differences in age, site distribution, and sex between nodular and superficial basal cell carcinoma indicate different types of tumors. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 110:880–4.
- Luz FB, Ferron C., Cardoso GP. Surgical treatment of basal cell carcinoma: an algorithm based on the literature. An Bras Dermatol. 2015 May-Jun; 90(3): 377–83.
- Julien Lanoue, Gary Goldenberg. Basal Cell Carcinoma, А Comprehensive Review of Existing and Emerging Nonsurgical Therapies. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016 May; 9 (5): 26–36.]
- Vijlder, H., Sterenborg, H., Neumann, H., Robinson, D., Haas, E. (2012). Light Fractionation Significantly Improves the Response of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma to Aminolaevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy: Five-year Follow-up of a Randomized, Prospective Trial. Acta Dermato Venereologica, 92 (6), 641–647. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1448
- Lehmann, P. (2007). Methyl aminolaevulinate?photodynamic therapy: a review of clinical trials in the treatment of actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancer. British Journal of Dermatology, 156(5), 793–801. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07833.x.
- Ceilley RI, Del Rosso JQ. Current modalities and new advances in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol. 2006 May; 45(5): 489–98.
- Wysong, A., Aasi, S. Z., Tang, J. Y. (2013). Update on Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Summary of Published Cases From 1981 Through 2011. JAMA Dermatology, 149(5), 615.
- Sekulic A, Migden MR, Basset-Seguin N., Garbe C., Gesierich A., Lao CD., Miller C., Mortier L., Murrell DF., Hamid O., Quevedo JF., Hou J., McKenna E., Dimier N., Williams S., Schadendorf D., Hauschild A.; ERIVANCE BCC Investigators.Long-term safety and efficacy of vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: finalupdate of the pivotal ERIVANCE BCC study. BMC Cancer. 2017 May 16; 17(1):3 32. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3286-5.
- Lear JT., Migden MR., Lewis KD., Chang ALS., Guminski A., Gutzmer R., Dirix L., Combemale P., Stratigos A., Plummer R., Castro H, Yi T., Mone M., Zhou J., Trefzer U., Kaatz M., Loquai C., Kudchadkar R., Sellami D., Dummer R. Long-term efficacy and safety of sonidegib in patients with locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinoma: 30-month analysis of the randomized phase 2 BOLT study.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Mar; 32 (3): 372–381. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14542. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
- Wieman TJ., Shively EH., Woodcock TM. Responsiveness of metastatic basal-cell carcinoma to chemotherapy. A case report. Cancer. N1983; 52 (9): 1583–1585.
- Coker DD, Elias EG, Viravathana T, et al. Chemotherapy for metastatic basal cell carcinoma. Arch Dermatol. 1983; 119 (1): 44–50.
- Guthrie TH., Jr, McElveen LJ., Porubsky ES., Harmon JD. Cisplatin and doxorubicin. An effective chemotherapy combination in the treatment of advanced basal cell and squamous carcinoma of the skin. Cancer. 1985; 55 (8): 1629–1632.
- Bason MM., Grant-Kels JM., Govil M. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: response to chemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990; 22 (5 Pt 2): 905–908.
- Khandekar JD. Complete response of metastatic basal cell carcinoma to cisplatin chemotherapy: a report of two patients. Arch Dermatol. 1990; 126 (12): 1,660.
- Denic S. Preoperative treatment of advanced skin carcinoma with cisplatin and bleomycin. Am J Clin Oncol. 1999; 22 (1): 32–34.
- Jefford M., Kiffer JD., Somers G., et al. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: rapid symptomatic response to cisplatin and paclitaxel. ANZ J Surg. 2004; 74 (8): 704–705.
- Moeholt K., Aagaard H., Pfeiffer P., Hansen O. Platinum-based cytotoxic therapy in basal cell carcinoma-a review of the literature. Acta Oncol. 1996; 35 (6): 677–682.
- Carneiro BA., Watkin WG., Mehta UK., Brockstein BE. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: complete response to chemotherapy and associated pure red cell aplasia. Cancer Invest. 2006; 24 (4): 396–400.